Thousands of non-coding (nc)RNAs have been identified with functions in processes, such as translation regulation and RNA processing. Different classes of ncRNAs exist, including microRNAs, circRNAs and tRNAs, some of which are enriched in the nervous system and neural cells. This webinar discusses some of the functions of these ncRNAs in the developing and adult brain and highlights how their deregulation contributes to brain trauma and disease. Webinar organised by the FENS Committee for Higher Education and Training (CHET) on the SfN digital platform, Neuronline.